Comment on Beginner looking for advice on open-source NAS hardware and OS for self-hosting
hperrin@lemmy.ca 3 hours ago
It sounds like you just wants Nextcloud and maybe Immich. So here’s my suggestion:
If you don’t have a domain yet, buy a domain. Preferably through Cloudflare because their API is good, and you’ll need that. Point an apex A record at your public IP address.
Set up something like Kubuntu on the box itself. Make sure it has a static IP address (you can also do DHCP reserved through your router, which is safer), and forward ports 80 (TCP), 443 (TCP), and 51820 (UDP) to that box.
Now comes the magic. Install docker through the official installation docs for Ubuntu (don’t use Ubuntu’s packages). Create a folder in your home directory called “services”. Inside this folder, you’re going to set up a folder for each service you need. The first one you should set up is “nginx-proxy-manager”. Inside each folder you’ll have a “docker-compose.yml” file. Inside that file, set up your docker compose stack. Nginx Proxy Manager’s is pretty simple. Just one service. But change the network mode to “host”, and remove the ports section.
Now, from a terminal, in that folder, run docker compose up -d. Get used to that command, you’ll run it a lot. Then go to localhost:81, and create an account for NPM. Use a real email address, because that’ll be your contact email for Let’s Encrypy ssl. Go into the ssl settings and create a certificate. You’ll need an api key from Cloudflare, or whatever other place you bought your domain from. It needs access to change the dns settings for your domain. Use this format to create your certificate:
example.com, *.example.com
And use the dns challenge option where you’ll put your api key.
[continuing in next post]
hperrin@lemmy.ca 3 hours ago
From now on, whenever you set up a service, you’ll use a subdomain, and you’ll point it in dns as a CNAME record at your apex domain (usually just an @ symbol in the input box). You’ll then (if it’s a web service) create a proxy in NPM pointed at whatever port you give it.
So now you wanna create a WireGuard vpn, so you can securely access your own stuff from your own devices outside your house. (I’d recommend not opening every service up to the internet.)
github.com/linuxserver/docker-wireguard
That one can be tricky, but ultimately you should have a file (or QR code) that you can put on your phone in the WireGuard app that will give you vpn access. Remember to set up a CNAME for your subdomain (something like vpn.example.com). Although, for this, it would be fine to use the apex domain.
So now you can set up a Nextcloud and an Immich stack. Put them on an unused port, then point a proxy for their subdomain at that port (127.0.0.1:2201 or whatever), add your SSL cert, and you’re good.
[continued…]
hperrin@lemmy.ca 3 hours ago
In NPM, set up an access list like this:
Image
Last one should be your public IP address, with “/32” on the end.
Use this access list for all services you don’t want the wider internet to see (probably all of them for you). With this setup, you can still open a service, if you want, but normally you’ll need to be on your VPN to see it from outside your house.
hperrin@lemmy.ca 3 hours ago
Every once in a while, you should run these commands in each services folder:
You should also back up your services folder regularly. That’s beyond the scope of this Lemmy comment, though.