“Throwing money at the problem” is something people say when they don’t want to spend money because they don’t care about the problem.

Nobody in the history of spending money fixing problems has ever suggested throwing money at the problem. Everyone who has ever had a plan to spend more money on education has had a specific plan on how to most effectively spend the money. Some plans might not have worked, and some would have worked better than others, but none of them planned to be careless with the money.

Funding schools based on performance is not a good idea at all. Teachers should make much more than $35k a year, and should never have to spend their own money on supplies. You just named three things that would all be fixed with additional spending on education. Institutional waste and corruption are certainly problems to be addressed, but that’s not a reason not to try.